The online document's accompanying supplementary material is available at the cited URL, 101007/s11160-023-09768-5.
Despite their substantial contribution to global fish harvests, assessments of small-scale fisheries (SSF) often struggle due to the absence of sufficient data, obscuring their historical dynamics and present condition. Utilizing local insights for data creation, we suggest an approach for assessing data-scarce SSF, incorporating life history principles to portray historical multispecies interactions, and employing length-based benchmarks to evaluate population status. This approach's practical application is exemplified in three data-void SSFs of the Congo Basin. Based on fishers' recollections of their past fishing trips, a 65-80% reduction in fish catches is observed over the last fifty years. Declines in populations and depletion of numerous historically prized species have decreased the variety of exploited species, causing the catch's species composition to become more homogenous in recent years. For eleven of the twelve most consequential species, recent measurements of length-at-catch showed them falling below their lengths-at-maturity and optimal lengths, as tabulated in Fishbase, and this points to overfishing. The Congo mainstem's large-bodied fish populations bore the brunt of overfishing. These results highlight the approach's appropriateness for evaluating SSF in the absence of data. The knowledge possessed by fishers yielded data at a significantly lower cost and expenditure compared to collecting fisheries landing data. Management and restoration plans for these fisheries can benefit significantly from examining historical and present data on fish catches, sizes of fish caught, and the variety of fish species, thus counteracting shifting baselines. Stock status classification provides a basis for prioritizing management actions. Applying the approach is straightforward, yielding easily understandable results, potentially enhancing the toolkits of researchers and managers in SSF while fostering stakeholder involvement in decision-making processes.
The online version provides supplementary material, located at 101007/s11160-023-09770-x.
For the online version, supplementary material is found at 101007/s11160-023-09770-x.
Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, many jurisdictions imposed orders restricting movement to prevent the spread of the virus. This often meant the prohibition of or limitations on recreational angling, as well as access to the fisheries and related infrastructure. Post-restriction removal, early angler surveys and license sales pointed towards heightened participation and commitment, along with adjustments in the demographics of anglers, although conclusive data remained limited. We analyze temporal changes in angling interest, license sales, and angling effort globally, contrasting data from the 'pre-pandemic' period (until 2019), the 'acute pandemic' period (2020), and the period of 'COVID-acclimation' (2021), in order to fill the data gap. We then scrutinized the mechanisms by which changes can drive the creation of more resilient and sustainable recreational fishing practices. In 2020, internet searches related to angling saw a substantial surge across all geographical regions. License sales in 2020 displayed differing trends across countries; some regions showed substantial increases, whereas others demonstrated no significant growth. In 2021, while some regions saw increases in license sales, these gains were often short-lived; conversely, areas experiencing decreases in sales could be attributed to reduced tourist angling activity, brought about by travel limitations. Data from a substantial portion of countries in 2020 highlighted a notable trend of younger anglers, including those in urban spaces, participating in fishing. This youthful demographic shift, however, did not carry over to 2021. The transient nature of these shifts in recreational angling underscores the potential for increased participation if efforts are made to attract and retain younger anglers through effective education on proper angling techniques and expanding opportunities for urban fishing. Bio-cleanable nano-systems These initiatives would thus equip recreational fisheries to better withstand future global catastrophes, thereby guaranteeing access to angling for individuals during periods of acute societal pressure.
Supplementary materials for the online version are accessible at 101007/s11160-023-09784-5.
The URL 101007/s11160-023-09784-5 leads to supplementary material that complements the online version.
To fulfill their seafood requirements, developed nations are increasingly reliant on international trade, a fact with substantial social, environmental, and economic ramifications. Post-Brexit and its emergence as an independent coastal nation, the UK finds itself grappling with greater trade obstructions and adjustments in the price and availability of seafood. Our study utilized a 120-year dataset of UK seafood (landings, aquaculture, imports, exports) to determine the influence of evolving policies and consumer preferences on domestic seafood production and consumption patterns. The early 20th century witnessed an increasing market demand for substantial, flaky fish, such as cod and haddock, which were more plentiful in the colder, northern waters, stimulating the expansion of distant-water fisheries. Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis For the duration of the years 1900 to 1975, the UK fishing fleet provided nearly 90% of these fish. However, policy modifications in the mid-1970s, including the broad adoption of Exclusive Economic Zones and the UK's integration into the European Union, led to marked declines in distant-water fisheries and a growing imbalance between seafood production and consumption in the UK. The proportion of seafood consumed by the British public originating from UK landings and aquaculture experienced a substantial drop from 1975 to 2019. In 1975, it constituted 89% of total consumption, but this reduced to 40% by the year 2019. Policy shifts and a strong consumer preference for foreign fish species have led to the current state of affairs, where the United Kingdom primarily imports its seafood while exporting most of its domestically produced catch. One must also consider the potential health implications. The UK public currently consumes 31% less seafood than recommended by government guidelines. Domestic production, even with increased appeal of local varieties, would still be 73% short of suggested levels. In the face of climate change, global overfishing, and possibly restricted trade, encouraging local seafood and non-seafood options would contribute to meeting national food security and health targets, and protecting the environment.
Additional materials for the online version are found at the following address: 101007/s11160-023-09776-5.
The online version features supplementary materials downloadable from 101007/s11160-023-09776-5.
Resilience to disruptions and sustainable practices are indispensable for a future seafood supply chain that is both continuous and equitable within a world undergoing significant change. Despite resilience thinking's wide application in sustainability research, encompassing the various dimensions of social-ecological sustainability, the task of creating supply chains that are both resilient and sustainable presents significant hurdles. Employing the frameworks of socio-ecological resilience and sustainability, this review examines connections and underscores key concepts for the effective management and monitoring of adaptable and equitable seafood supply chains. We then analyze recorded responses of seafood supply networks to disruptions and present a specific case study to exemplify the characteristics of a robust seafood supply chain. Finally, we delve into the ramifications of these responses for social progress (embracing well-being and equity), economic viability, and environmental protection. The themes underlying supply chain disruptions were derived from responses categorized by their frequency, whether episodic, chronic, or cumulative. GSK126 Resilient seafood supply chains, we discovered, were diverse—in terms of products, markets, consumer bases, or processing methods—interconnected, governmentally supported at every level, and facilitated by trust-based learning and cooperation amongst supply chain actors. Strategic planning, robust infrastructure, and meticulous mapping procedures can bolster socio-ecological sustainability in seafood supply chains, fostering more adaptive and equitable practices.
The current treatment paradigm in oncology prioritizes targeted therapies to attain optimal efficacy while minimizing unwanted side effects. Cancer theranostics are the key component of radionuclide therapy, a modality gaining popularity as a targeted treatment for various cancers. When seeking medical information from the internet, YouTube is a favored option. Examining the content quality, level of interaction, and educational efficacy of YouTube videos related to radionuclide therapy, this study also explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these metrics.
In the year 2018, on August 25th, and also on May 10, 2021, YouTube searches for the keywords were performed. Following the removal of duplicate and excluded videos, a scoring and coding procedure was applied to all the remaining videos.
The videos, in their majority, served as useful and educational tools. High quality characterized the great majority of them. Popularity measures did not influence the evaluation of quality. Videos with high JAMA scores experienced a substantial increase in power index post-COVID. While the COVID-19 pandemic had numerous repercussions, the quality of video features remained uncompromised; in fact, post-pandemic, their content quality improved further.
Radionuclide therapy YouTube videos, rich with high-quality content, offer valuable educational material. Popularity is unaffected by the standard of the content. Video quality and its usefulness were impervious to the pandemic, yet visibility increased considerably. For both patients and healthcare professionals, YouTube presents an acceptable platform for obtaining introductory information on radionuclide therapy.